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- <text id=89TT0346>
- <title>
- Feb. 06, 1989: The Forecast--Hazy And Puzzling
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Feb. 06, 1989 Armed America
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ENVIRONMENT, Page 57
- The Forecast: Hazy and Puzzling
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>A study says the U.S. is still cool, but the greenhouse theory
- lives
- </p>
- <p> In its Planet of the Year issue (Jan. 2), TIME highlighted
- numerous threats to the earth's environment. The magazine will
- continue to pursue that story, covering new developments and
- actions taken to solve ecological problems. This is the first
- of our follow-up reports: Is the earth warming up or not? Many
- scientists say it is, thanks to the greenhouse effect, the
- heat-trapping property of gases that pollute the atmosphere.
- Some computer studies indicate that the warming could cause
- more frequent droughts and eventually produce a major climatic
- upheaval. Others say, not necessarily: increased cloudiness and
- other mitigating phenomena could counteract the warming before
- it has significant effect.
- </p>
- <p> Last week the naysayers appeared to pick up a bit of
- ammunition in the continuing debate. A study by the National
- Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration published in the journal
- Geophysical Research Letters shows that the climate in the 48
- contiguous states of the U.S. has remained pretty much unchanged
- for nearly a century. By analyzing data gathered at weather
- stations across the U.S. between 1895 and 1987, meteorologist
- Kirby Hanson and two NOAA colleagues found that the average
- annual temperature had fluctuated between 52 degrees F and 54
- degrees F, with no statistically significant long-term trend
- either up or down. The same was true of average rainfall, which
- generally ranged from about 33 in. to 36 in. yearly.
- </p>
- <p> At first glance, the study would appear to be a serious
- blow to the greenhouse theory. Not so. The U.S. makes up only
- 1.5% of the earth's surface, and the country's temperature
- trends are not necessarily indicative of what is taking place
- on the planet as a whole. James Hansen, head of NASA's Goddard
- Institute for Space Studies and one of the most prominent
- proponents of the greenhouse theory, was not at all swayed by
- the new study. "Even in a warming world," he says, "you'd still
- expect on a statistical basis to see local variation--one
- region cooler than the average, another hotter. If you look at
- an area as small as the U.S., then natural variability is very
- large. But it's the global average that is important." While
- other climate experts are slower to make concrete predictions,
- Hansen's studies of global temperatures suggest that the warming
- trend has already begun and will soon become widely apparent.
- Warns the NASA scientist: "Our model predicts that by the middle
- of the 1990s, the greenhouse effect should be pretty clear not
- only to scientists, but also to the man in the street."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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